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Pratique du shadowing : Why was FDR allowed to serve four terms?

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  1. It's well known that a US president can only serve two terms.0:00
  2. But as most of you watching will know, there is one very notable exception to this.0:03
  3. Franklin Delano Roosevelt who served four terms between 1933 and 1945, which was when he took the important constitutional decision to die.0:07
  4. But given that every president before and after him had only served a maximum of two terms, how did the American people react to him doing this and did anybody0:16
  5. try to stop him?0:23
  6. Now, the two term limit presidents abided by originated with George Washington, who, towards the end of his second term, realized that he hated his job and so opted not0:24
  7. to run again.0:32
  8. He did this not because he believed that there should be a two term limit, but the leaders should be willing to hand over power without fuss.0:33
  9. And later, when it became clear that John Adams wasn't going to win a second term, some of Washington's supporters asked for him to run for a third.0:39
  10. He said no because he was too busy being happily retired and many saw this as Washington condemning third terms.0:45
  11. But this was just convention, not law.0:51
  12. So did any other presidents try to run for a third term?0:53
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  1. Well, yes, quite a few of them.0:55
  2. The first president to openly flirt with breaking the convention was Ulysses S.0:57
  3. Grant.1:01
  4. However, his party refused to nominate him.1:01
  5. After this, Grover Cleveland was offered a third run in 1896 by his party.1:03
  6. But he was well aware that everybody hated him at this point and so he declined.1:07
  7. So the first president with any genuine hope of being re -elected to a third term was none other than Theodore Roosevelt.1:11
  8. He was offered a third term by his party but he refused, wanting to respect Washington's precedent.1:16
  9. However, when he realized his success had sucked, he tried to win the Republican nomination again but they stayed with William Taft.1:21
  10. As such, new party, the Bull Moose Party.1:26
  11. He ran against Taft, split the vote and managed a respectable second place to Woodrow Wilson.1:29
  12. Wilson had hoped for a third term but his party refused to nominate him, meaning that up until FDR the convention stayed intact.1:33
  13. So what exactly changed with Roosevelt?1:40
  14. Well, with World War II raging in Europe, FDR believed that his opponent and professional stupid name have a Wendell Wilkie would leave Britain to its fate, and also undo1:42
  15. his new deal policies.1:49
  16. What made this time different was that his party agreed.1:51
  17. Now, as you can guess, a third run was quite contentious.1:53
  18. The Republican party accused Roosevelt of being a dictator and waiting in that a third term was un -American.1:56
  19. Broadly though, most Americans were much more concerned with navigating through the tumultuous times, and ultimately Roosevelt was seen as more trustworthy in economic and foreign policy matters than Wilkie,2:01
  20. which is why he won the 1940 election handily.2:09
  21. He ran for and won a fourth term which shocked precisely zero people but he died shortly afterwards, and by 1947 there were many politicians in both parties who were2:12
  22. concerned that long running presidents could lead to national stagnancy.2:20
  23. This political concern is why the 22nd Amendment was put forward.2:22
  24. This banned presidents from serving for more than two terms.2:26
  25. The 22nd Amendment had one exception, Harry Truman.2:29
  26. This was because he was already president and so he was allowed to run again if he wanted.2:32
  27. He tried, but his unpopularity soon made it clear that his party would have preferred to elect literally anybody else and so he stood down, thereby ending the last attempt2:36
  28. at there ever being a three -term president.2:43
  29. I hope you enjoyed this episode with a special thanks to my patrons, James Bisannette, Kelly Moneymaker, Korsho Wolf, Skychapel, Katoitska, Jerry Lamden, Alex Schwinn, Adam Stolter, Jordan Longley, Rod2:46
  30. D Martin, Ryan Hockey, Marcus Arsena, Captain Sidehog, Marvin Casow, Spencer Lightfoot, Winston Kawood, Boogie Lee Wiggly, Daniel Tobien, Kamu Nyun, Miss Isette, Gustav Swan, Aaron the White, Anthony Beckett2:56
  31. to the McWhopper, Maggie Patskowski, Copper Tone, Spinning Three Plates, Shuenin, Words About Books Podcast and Charles I.3:07

Mesuré dans ce clip

Débit
228 mots par minute — plus rapide que 83% du catalogue
Niveau CECRL
B2
Mots à connaître
broadly, contentious, tumultuous, navigating, opted, condemning
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